Art & Architecture

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Allegory of Literature in the guise of George Sand

Détail statue de George Sand par Clésinger

Discover the imposing statue by Jean-Baptiste Clésinger dit Auguste (1814-1883) representing "a majestic George Sand, dressed in antique style on a cural chair, barefoot, with a scroll in her hand". installed in one of the courtyard's outbuildings for obvious conservation reasons, since the bicentenary of the writer's birth in 2004.

George Sand and Auguste Clésinger

George Sand had a tumultuous relationship with this sculptor, Prix de Rome winner and recognized artist of his time, who became her son-in-law on May 15, 1847.

A talented sculptor and excellent practitioner, Auguste Clésinger met with success at the 1847 Salon with his "Femme piquée par un serpent" ("Woman Stung by a Snake"). Considered by many as brutal, vivacious and profligate, he was not the son-in-law of his dreams, and his marriage to Solange caused George Sand great pain.

In the privacy of the Nohant dining room, traces of a famous family quarrel remain, sealing the enduring rift between George Sand and her daughter. Clésinger seeks to strike Maurice. The priest, friends and servants try to separate them and take the pistol away from Maurice. George Sand even claims, "Solange fanning the flames with ferocious coldness, and having brought about these deplorable fury by gossip, lies, unimaginable blackness."

Autoportrait d'Auguste Charpentier
Autoportrait d'Auguste Charpentier

© Reproduction Patrick Cadet / Centre des monuments nationaux

The story of this work

A few years later, despite George Sand's strong animosity towards her son-in-law, a subscription committee was formed to have a statue of George Sand created by Jean-Baptiste Clésinger. But it's not clear how George Sand reacted to this surprising project.

In 1851, Solange announced to her mother: "Alexandre Dumas had the idea of making a subscription to offer you this marble statue." The funds still had to be raised, and Jean-Baptiste Clésinger took the initiative of approaching Louis Napoléon Bonaparte.

The Prince President replied with a courteous letter on June 9, 1851, but the refusal was unequivocal: "I have always paid tribute to George Sand's talent. Her statue could not have been entrusted to a more skilful chisel... But the writer's political attitude does not allow me to subscribe to the work of the eminent sculptor."

George Sand was in no way surprised, and logically thought it best to wait for what she herself called "less anti-socialist times".

The work was nevertheless completed, and purchased by Émile Girardin in 1854.

Statue de George Sand par Clésinger de profil
Statue de Clésinger de profil

© Maison George Sand / Centre des monuments nationaux

The day after George Sand's death (June 8, 1876), a new committee studied the advisability of erecting a statue in her memory, and concluded that such a project would be pointless.

Girardin then agreed to sell the work in his possession to the Direction des Beaux-Arts, for the Comédie-Française. And so, on the evening of June 4, 1877, when the play Le marquis de Villemer entered the repertory, it was installed in the foyer of the Théâtre français.

George Sand, portrayed Roman-style in the guise of literature, replaced the actress Rachel, whose statue, also by Clésinger, had just been transferred to the Odéon.

In 1867, Félix Nadar approached the director of the Théâtre français, Édouard Thierry, to obtain permission to photograph the collection of busts of authors and actors. When, ten years later, he finally took some photos, Nadar photographed the newly installed large statue of George Sand.

The features of the woman of letters captured by Nadar in 1877 became part of our collective memory, consecrating the triumph of photography.

The work remained there for almost a century, for in 1974, major works at the Comédie-Française led to the transfer of the George Sand sculpture to the reserves of the Musée National du Château de Compiègne, where it slumbered for almost thirty years before being transferred to George Sand's home in 2004.

George Sand presents herself to visitors as a veritable allegory of literature and theater.

You'll be able to appreciate the power of this interpretation, which may be a little academic, but has undeniable qualities. Admire the beauty and poetry of this performance!

George Sand, Statue de Clésinger
George Sand, Statue de Clésinger

© Maison George Sand / Centre des monuments nationaux